Combined typewriting and computing



A. G. F. KUROWSKI COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed March 15, 1933 Nov. 16, 1937.

Nov. 16,1937. A. G. F. KuRowsKl 2,099,123

COMBINED TYPEWRI'IING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed March 15, 1955 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 17937- A. e. F. KUROWSKI 2,099,123

COMBINED 'IYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed March 15, 1933 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Nov. 16, 1937.

A. G. F. KUROWSKI COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed March 15, 1953 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Affomey.

Nov. 16, 1937. A. e. F. KUROWSKI COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed March 15, 1 933 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 CECE mmr ey,

3 A. e. F. KUROWSKI ,09

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Driginal Filed March 15, 1953 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 8 O SPACE 7 w w w Patented Nov. 16, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MAC Alfred G. F. Kurowsm, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to Underwood Elliott Fisher Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation Delaware original application March 15, 1933, Serial No.

660,830. Divided and this 27, 1937, Serial No. 122396 3 Cla.

This invention is a division of my copending application, Serial No. 660,830, filed March 15, 1933, which relates to combined typewrlting and computing machines, and to total-printing mechanism which may be called into use to automatically operate numeral-type-bar trains to print in denominational succession the figures of a total as represented in a set of denominational register-wheels.

The invention of the division herein described pertains more particularly to a governing device effective to regulate the beat of successive printing strokes in the typewriting machine.

In the Underwood bookkeeping machine, to which the invention is herein illustratively applied, the typing of an amount digit by digit on a work-sheet sets up corresponding digit-pins in a denominational series of rack-bars.

Following such typing and setting-up of an amount, the machine is cycled to advance the rack-bars and to rotate register-wheels driven thereby, to extents corresponding to the values of the set pins.

A machine of the above-described class is seen in Patent No. 1,280,065 to O. Mlnton.

i Automatic total-printing, solenoids are employed for actuating the numeral and space keys of the typewriting mechanism.

. In the present invention the register-dialwheels control the selection of the printing solenoids according to the digits in the total and the typewriting-machine carriage eifects the operation of the selected solenoid at each denomination. I

A contact block has one set of conductors, one conductor for each numeral-type-key solenoid from 0 to"9, and is arranged to co-operate with a set of individually movable solenoid-selecting brushes. The Solenoid-selecting position of each brush is controlled by means of a feeler normally latched in retracted position and arranged to co-op erate with a graded stop carried by the corresponding dial wheel.

Upon operation of a total-key, the several latched feelers are released to dropupon their respective stops and thus move to extends depending, by reason of the grading of said stops, on the digit-representing positions of the dialwheels. The several brushes, controlled by the feelers, will consequently make contact with such contact-block conductors as will indicate for operation the printing solenoids corresponding to the positions of the several, dial-wheels.

The selection, by means of said contact-block and co-operating brushes, of the printing soleapplication January actuated seriatim by means of the carriage-com trolled denomination-selecting trains to make contact with extensions of their respective brushes, and thereby complete, in denominational order, individual circuits for the selected sole noids.

The improvements include means whereby each energized solenoid, after' driving its type-bar train to print, is operative to disable the energizing circuit bymeans of a switch common to all the solenoids. This lie-energizes the solenoid and permits the type-bar to rebound normally from the platen, and also permits self-restoration of the parts whereby the solenoid actuates said type-bar train.

An operating train for the disabling switch is common to all the solenoids and includes a governing device preferably in the form of a flyweight. Said device has the function of storing energy at the g of a solenoid stroke so that said energy becomes available to assist the solenoid in completing the throw of the switch. The fly-weight device has an.oscillatory movement and is thus effective to throw the switch back again to restore the circuit for operating a. solenoid at the next denomination. The flyweight device being oscillatory, provision is made for regulating it so that its vibration period harmonizes with the desired speed of typewritingmachine operaton. It is thus assured that the circuit will be disabled and restored in correlation to the desired speed of succession of printing strokes and accompanying carriage-feed movements.

In the course of these automatic typing-operations each energized solenoid drives its type-bar toward the printing point. The solenoid circuit of an active solenoid becomes disrupted by the action of the aforesaid switch operating flyweight before the type-bar reaches the platen.

The type-bar may complete its printing stroke bymomentum oi the parts and the switch operating fly-weight also completes its swing by momentum; and its retum stroke, depending on its natural period of oscillation is suflici'ently delayed to prevent premature reclosing of the switch. This gives the type-bar enough time to recoil to Following the operation of the total-key and the resulting selection of the printing solenoids as above described, the typing-machine carriage is in every case tabulated to the highest denominational position in the computing or total printing zone. The total to be printed, however,

may have a less number of denominational places than the denominational bapacity of the set of dial-wheels, and, in such case, the full set of dial-wheels will indicate one or more unnecessary zeros ahead of the first significant figure of the total. A space-key operation takes place at each dial-wheel which represents a zero ahead of said first significant figure, and consequently the carriage is automatically spaced from the highest denomination-position to the position where the printing of the total begins.

When the carriage is tabulated to the aforesaid highest denomination in the zone and the dial-wheel at that denomination is at the zeroposition, the space-key solenoid, instead of the zero-printing solenoid, will be energized. That.

is to say, the space-key solenoid is energized by way of the aforesaid brush (in zero-position), byway of the aforesaid circuit-completing contact arm, which has been brought against the brush at the arrival of the carriage at said high est denomination, and, furthermore, by way of a current-path afforded by a two-way switch,

which, before thetotal-key is op erated,will have been thrown to cut out the zero-printing solenoid and cut in the space-key-solenoid. The space-key solenoid is operative by means of the aforesaid circuit-disabling switch to de-energize itself after operating the carriage-feed mechanism to step the carriage to the next lower denomination. 3

The carriage is stepped repeatedly until it reaches the position of the first significant figure of the total as represented in the dial-wheels.

Since the space-key solenoid is at this stage operable by way of a brush at the zero-position,

it will be seen that when the carriage arrives at the first significant figure-denomination, the contact brush for that denomination will not be at zero-position, but will be at the position corresponding to said first significant figure. Consequently, the solenoid corresponding to the first significant figure, and not the space-solenoid, will ,beenergized by way of the circuit-completing contact arm at that denomination.

Any significant figure-solenoid is operative to throw the aforesaid two-way switch to cut out further operation of the space-key solenoid by way of a contact brush at the zero-position, and instead cut in the zero-printing solenoid. Thus, all zeros appearing, after the first significant figurein the total will be printed. At the cycling operation following the automatic operation of the type-keys, the two way switch is automatically restored to out in the space-key solenoid again, so that the latter becomes operative, if-necessary, to stepthe carriage to the first significant figure-denomination without printing zeros at the beginning of automatic printing of the next total.

The usual denomination-selector on the carriage ,may operate a punctuation-space jack.

Several space-jacks may be operative upon a common member. A circuit-completing contact arm (which is an additional arm) may be operated by said member to engage an extension of one of the space solenoid terminals incorporated as a projection in the aforesaid contact block.'

The solenoids may be disposed'so that simple links serve to connect the several solenoid-plungers to corresponding type-actions.

The contact-brush arms and the feeler-levers are normally in retracted positions. They may be held in such positions against the pull of individual springs which urge the trains, each comprising a feeler-lever, link and contact-brush arm, to operative positions. ing the feeler-trains, a latch, common to all the For releasably holdtrains, is employed. A total-key at the front of the machine is operative to withdraw said latch when it is desired to print a total, the several feelers and contact brushes thereupon assuming positions corresponding to the positions of the dial-wheels, as above described.

Since the dial-wheels are rotated during a computing cycle, following automatic total-printing,

the feelers are at thebeginning of such cycle withdrawn and relatched.

While the type-bars are shown to be driven by solenoids, the invention pertaining to controlling the speed of succession of type-bar operation 'is not limited to the type-bar driving means Figure 2 is a side sectional view'of the Under- WOOd bookkeeping machine, showing the totalprinting mechanism and also showing the novel fly-weight device.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of part of the computing mechanism showing the set of dialwheels, pin-bar mechanism, cycling mechanism, and also showing the related parts of the totalprinting mechanism.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of part of the carriage-controlled train operative to actuate the circuit-completing arm for energizing the spacekey solenoid for a punctuation-space.

Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the typebar operating solenoids and connections and showing the novel fiy-weight device.

Figures .6 and 7 are side and front viewsrespectively of one of the totalizer-dial wheels and its graded feeler-stop.

Figure 8 is a skeleton diagram of the machine,

showing one of the solenoids as having driven its numeral-type train to print. The positions,

H Figure 11 is a diagram representing the circuitarrangement whereby the solenoids, contactputing base 2| and has the usual row of numeralspring-motor 38.

keys 22, on key-levers 23, fulcrumed at 24. Manual operation of any key-lever 23 swings a bellcrank 25, fulcrumed at 26, to drive a numeraltype bar 28 toward a platen 29. Each type-bar 28 as it reaches the platen drives the usual universal bar 30 rearwardly to interpose a fixed dog 3! into the plane of an escapement-wheel 32' and concomitantly release a stepping dog 33, which, upon rebound of the type-bar 28, returns tothe plane of the escapement-wheel 32, which has a pinion 35 meshing with a rack 36, on a traveling carriage 37, supporting the platen 29. Oscillation of the dogs 3] and 33 about dogrocker pivot 34, by means of the type-bar 28, letter-feeds the carriage 31 pulled by the usual Said carriage travels upon front and rear rails Q0, 4|, on typewriter-frame 32. The several type-bars 28 normally bear against a rest M.

A space-key 55 is mounted upon arms 46, fastened to rock-shaft 67, operative, upon pressing said space key, to swing arm 48, and thereby rock a member 49 connected as seen in Figure 2 to actuate the universal bar 30, and operate the dogs 3i and 33 for a letter-feeding step or space.

The usual tabulating-key lever i, partly shown, is operative to release the carriage and concomitantly elevate the partly-shown tabulating stop '52 into the path of a. counter-stop 53, settahle along a rack 55, carried by the typewriter-carriage 37.

Each numeral-key lever 23, when -operated, rocks a corresponding shaft 56 by means of a pendant 51. There is one of said shafts for each numeral-key lever 23, from one to nine, and, as described in the aforesaid Minton patent, each shaft when rocked is operative by means of an upper link 58 and other connections, not shown,

to depress edgewise a bar 53. Each bar 59 when I mally in such position that their pins 60 are somell ofiset or transposed, as seen in Figure 3, to

what behind and thus out of the path of the pinsetting bars 59. The pin-bars are advanced seriatim to pin-setting position in denominational order corresponding to the letter-feed or denomination-determining advance of the typewritingmachine carriage through a computing zone. The carriage 31 therefore has the usual tappet 64 arranged to engage seriatim a set of pivoted jacks 65, and thereby depress the usual thrust-rods 66 to operate levers 57, Figure 2. A set of transposing levers 68, similar to those seen in the Kupetz Patent No. 1,697,981, dated January 8, 1929, is interposed between the set of levers 67 and the pin-bars El, each transposing lever having one arm 78 engaged by a lever 61, and another arm move the pin-bar Bl of the same denomination as said latter lever to pin-setting position. For

each pin-bar there is the usual spring 68 for retracting the pin-bar from its pin-setting position. f

Operation of the numeral-key levers 23 in a are joined by connections I I3.

computing zone results, by the described usual means, in the setting of corresponding digit-pins in the set of pin-bars 6| preparatory to a cycling operation during which said pin-bars 6| are advanced by means of the set pins to rotate the dial-wheels 62.- In said cycling operation, the usual cross-bar 12 makes a forward and return movement. By means of the depressed pins 60, the pin-bars 6| are picked up and advanced by the forward movement of said bar.

Each pin-bar has at its forward end the usual rack "meshing with a pinion 15, Figure 6, which, by means .of the usual ratchet 16 and pawl 11,

has a one-way connection to the dial-wheel 62; so that only the forward movement of the pinbar 6| may rotate said dial-wheel. The cross bar 12 in its return movement thus picks up and returns the pin-bars 6|, by means of shoulders '18 on the latter, without rotating the dial-wheels. It may also be noted that each dial-wheel has fastenedto its side a deterit-disk 89 having its edges notched as seen in Figure 2 for co-operation with individual spring-pressed detent-arms 93. The cross-bar 12 is advanced and returned by means of the usual general operator which includes side racks 19 having arms 80, between which the cross-bar 12 is supported. Each rack 19 is connected by a pinion 8| to a sector 82, the two sectors 82 being each fastened to a crossshaft 83, journaled in the side members of the framework in which said racks 19 are guided.

raised by means of the usual linkage, which includes bell-cranks 95, links 96 and cross-shafts 8'5, one of the cross-shafts being operative by the general operator near the end of the return stroke of the latter and carrying an arm not shown, to engage the under side, and thereby raise the pin-restoring plate 94.

The usual key-locking device, operative to prevent depression of more than one numeral-key lever at a time, is also operative to lock the keys when the typewriting-machine carriage 3'! is at a punctuation-space in a computing zone. Said mechanism is fully set forth in Gumprecht Patent No. 1,237,895 and includes, for each punctuation-space, a jack 63, additional to the set of denomination-jacks 65, and a thrust-rod 66*. In the illustrated machine, there is provision for three punctuation-spaces, and, asseen in Figure the set of denomination-thrust-rods 66. -The three levers Ill, actuating the same mechanism, From the thus joined levers Ill, there extends a link H4 to operate the usual shaft l l5, which, when rocked, closes the usual set of tumblers I IE to lock the numeral-key levers 23.

The denomination-selecting tappet 64 is mounted as seen in Figure 2 to swing about rod I E8 of the carriage, so that it may be disabled by being droppedout of the path of the jacks 65. When the carriage is in a computing zone, the tappet is upheld by means of the usual'roll H9, mounted upon a rock-shaft I20 to swing rightward from the position seen in Figure 2.

-The'tappet-supporting roll H9 is swung to inefiective position immediately at the start of the forward movement of the general operator. One of the r'ack's- 19 of the latter displaces the usual lever I22, which, by means of link I23, bellcrank lever I24 and arm I25, fastened to rockshaft I20, causes the latter to be rocked and the tappets 64 to be dropped at the beginning of the machine cycle. For displacing said lever I22, said rack 1% has a camnotch I25, in which a nose of said lever normally rests as seen in Figure 2, and into which the nose drops again at the endof the cycle for restoring the roll lit to normal position.

The novel automatic total-printing mechanism will now be described. I

At the front of the machine, a lever I30 is freely fulcrumed upon a rod I3! and projects outside of a casing I32 of the computing base to carry a total-key I33. Depression of said totalkey I33 rocks said lever I for releasing a set of normally, retracted feelers I34 to drop upon graded stops I35 presented by the dial-wheel detent-disks 89. The particular stop I35, engaged by each feeler, being at agraded distance from the retracted position of the feeler, represents the digit-position of the dial-wheel.

Each feeler I34 at the front of the machine, in droppi 0 its stop-position, moves a contact brush I31, which is located behind the machine. Each contact brush I31, which may be formed as seen in Figure 5, is mounted upon an arm I38, fulcrumed upon a rod I39, the arm I38 being provided with a pinionesector I40, and being insulated from the brush by an insulator I.

The several feelers I34 are at the ends of .upstanding arms I42 0! levers I43, pivoted upon a common fulcrum-rod I44, and having each a downwardly-extending arm I45, pivot'ally connected at I45 to a link I41 extending rearwardly along the bottom of the machine, as seen in Figure 2, and having at its rear enda rack I40 which meshes with the contact-arm pinion-sector I40. Each link is urged forwardly by. an individual spring I50, but is normally held in the Figure 2 position, wherein the contact brushes I31 are retracted from a contactblock I I, by a latch-bar I53. Said latch-bar I53 is common to all the feeler-trains and is pivoted at I54 to swing its latching edge upwardly for releasing said trains to move individually to the positions determined by the feelers I34 and co-operating stops- I35. release is eflected by-operation of the total-key lever I30, which is connected by a link I56 to an arm I51, fastened to a stubshaft I58, q ed in a hub Ill extending from a bracket I50. aid bracket I together with a companion bracket I" (Figure 3) forms a support for the total-key fulcrum-rod 'IISI. The latch-bar I 53 is'aiso pivoted betweensaid brackets I60, IGI, as seen in Figure 3, and is urged to swing downwardly, by a spring I03 reactin'g'against an ear I64 of bracket IBI. The brackets I00, Iii are secured by screws I56 to cross-member I61 of the computing-base"framework; Rising irom said) pivoted at I13 to an ear I14 rising from the latchbar I53, the latter being thus lifted to release the feeler-trains. Said by-pass-piece "I normally bears against a stop-pin I on the ear I14, under the pull of a spring I11, anchored to said ear.

The total-key lever in and connected parts reassume their normal positions under the pull of a spring I10, said normal positions being determined by abutment of the arm I51 with a pin I18 projecting from bracket I50, Figure 3. In the total-key stroke, the cam-nose I10 is passed over by the end of arm I51, so that the relatching of the latch-bar I53 is not dependent upon release of the total-key by the operators finger. The bypass-piece "I is idly swung about its pivot I13 by downward passage of the end of the arm I51 and restoration of the total-key is therefore not dependent upon said rlatching.

The several contact brushes I31, when released to different positions along the contact block I5I, as determined-by co-operation of the feelers ISM, as released by the total-key, cause the y the selection 01 corresponding solenoids I85 for the numeral-type-key trains and space-key train of the typewriting mechanism. One terminal of the winding of each numeral-printing solenoid from zero to nine has its counterpart in and is connected to a conductor I81 of the contact block I5I; The several'contact-block conductors I81 extend crosswise of the mechanism, so that any one conductor I01 \may .be contacted by, any brush I31. The contact block NH and its conductors I81 have the arcuate arrangement corresponding to the circular sweep of the brushes as seen in the drawings. total-key, the contact brush I31 related to each dial-wheel will make contact with the conductor I31 which represents the dial-wheel position In Figure 8, the illustrated dial-wheel is at the seven-position, and the ieeler I36 for that dial-wheel, resting against the stop I35 of corresponding gradation, will have caused the related brush ear to have moved to theconductor I81 representing the solenoid for the 'seven-type-key train. spending to other dial-wheel positions are determined by corresponding depths of the graded stops I55. Thus, for the zero-position-of the dial-wheel, the movement of the feeler its is the least, and, forthe nine position of the dialwheel, the feeler movement is greatest. Since the slots which form the graded stops I35 as seen upon the (latent-disks 89 also serve as detentnotches for the co -operating detent-levers 90, it results that each feeler has an idle movement from its normal position before it comes within range of the graded stops I35. This idle movement arises from the necessity of retracting the feelers entirely clear of the detent-disks 89, so that ordinary rotation of the dial-wheels is not obstructed. Furthermore, this idle or excess movement of the feelers permits the contact brushes I31, in their normal position, to be fully retracted from the contact block I5I. Movement of the contact brushes I31 into solenoid-selecting positions is not of itself eflective to energize the solenoids, since it is desired that thelatter be energized, one by one, for individual operation of the numeral-type-key trains. Following operation of the total-key, the typewriting-machine carriage 31 is, by operation of the tabulatingkey lever 5i, tabulated to the highest denomina- Other contact-brush positions corre-' tion in the computing or total-printing zone, and v the solenoidselected for that denomination is causedtobe energized. as will now be described. Each contact brush I31 has an extension presenting an arcuate surface I92, which, in any eflective brush-position, is opposite a contact arm I33.- There is one of said arms I93 for every nected to the solenoid-plunger link 2| 8, at 23L able upon a common fulcrum-rod I94, and are normally. in such position that they do not make contact with the arcuate contact surface I92. The carriage 31,'as it reaches'the highest denomination-position to which it is tabulated, as aforesaid, moves the first contact arm I93 against its contact surface I92, thereby energizing the solenoid which is to be operative at that denomination. The resulting operation of the typewriting mechanism causes said carriage 31 of the latter to escape to the next denomination to move the next contact arm I93 and concomitantly cause restoration of the first moved contact arm. The several contact arms I93 are thus brought against their contact surfaces I92 seriatim, and, for this purpose, the usual denomination-selecting trains associated with the pin-bars 3| and operable seriatim may be employed. To this end, the arms H of the several transposing levers 69 of said denomination-selecting trains are enabled to actuate the contact arms I93, each arm 1| being connected to a corresponding contact arm I93 by a link I96. Said link may be formed as seen in the drawings, and is pivotally connected at its rear end to the contact arm I93.

At its forward end, each link I96 is perforated to slip over the transposing lever-arm 1|.

It is desired when a total is printed, as a result of operation of the total-key I33, that the dial-wheels 62 be cleared or restored to their zero-positions in a machine cycle which follows the printing operation. For this purpose the machine is conditioned for subtraction by the operation of the total-key, which operates the stub-shaft I58 having an arm 20I (Figure 3) to operate a link of a subtraction-setting mechanism' as shown and described in said' original application #660,830.

Each solenoid I85 has a movable plunger 2 work ng within a non-magnetic sleeve 2l2, Figure 1, of'narrow rectangular section. Said sleeve has end flanges 2I3 and 2I4 to form a bobbin, upon which is placed a solenoid-winding 2I5.

A C-shaped laminated iron frame 2I6 for the magnetic circuit encompasses the solenoid-windreaches-into the sleeve 2I2 to form a pole-face 2I1 opposite the inner end .of the solenoidplunger 2. The ends of said frame 2I6 may abut the top andbottom of the bobbin-sleeve 2I2, which may extend beyond the bobbin-flange 2I4. The inner laminations of said frame 2I6 may be arranged to clear a non-magnetic link 2I8 extending through the yoke-portion, from the solenoid-plunger 2| I, for connection to the parts actuated by the plunger. The laminations of the frame 2I8 are clamped between outer plates 2! 9 drawn together by screws 220. All the solenoids I85 are. supported upon a plate 22I by means of flanges 222 formed on said clampplates 2I9, the solenoids being secured to the supporting plate 22I by screws 223. The support ng-plate 22I has perforations 224, Figure 2, for cearing the solenoid-plungers and is supported and fastened by" screws 225 between bracket-plates 22B and 221 formed as seen in F'gures 2 and 5, for attachment to the rear edge of a platform 228 by screws 229, Figure 2. Said platform may be part of the usual stand on which rests-the combined typewritingand computing mach ne.

The plungers 2H for the printing solenoids are each connected to the bell-crank 25 of the corresponding numeral-printing type-action by a link 233. The rear end of each link 239 is con- The forward end of each link 230 has a slot 232 for articulation with a headed stud 233 presented by the type-action bell-crank 25. Each type-action is manually operable independently of the solenoid-train. The plunger 2 for the space-key solenoid operates through a link 234 having at its forward end a slot 235 for articulation with a headed stud 236 of an arm 231 fastened to the space-key rock-shaft 41. Where necessary, for clearing parts of the machine, the l nks 230 and 234 may have bends as at.238, 239, Figure 5.

The total which is to be automatically printed may have a less number of denominational places than the set of dial-wheels 62. In the diagram at Figure 11, the total 6 740 43 is displayed in a dial-wheel set having nine wheels, and the three dials ahead of the wheel showing the first significant figure of said total display zeros. Said diagram represents the set of contact-block conductors I81 and the positions of the brushes I31 as determined by said total represented in the full set of wheels 62. Thus the contact brushes I31, related to the first three dial-wheels at zero-position, are shown in the diagram as making contact with the zero-conductor I91.

Each of the conductors I81 for the digits from one to nine has a direct connection 242 to one of the two terminals of a corresponding printing solenoid. The conductor I81 for zero has no such direct connection to the zero-printing solenoid, because it is desired that the latter shall be inoperative for each dial-wheel, ahead of the first significant figure, which registers a zero. In such case, instead of the zero-solenoid being operative, the space-key solenoid, represented in the Figure 11 diagram, is rendered operative. Following the printing of the first significant figure "6, the zero-solenoid, however, is to be operative, so that all zeros after the first significant figure of the total may be printed, and it will be seen therefore that operation of the space-solenoid by way of the zero-conductor I81 must be out out at the printing of the first significant figure. A two-way tumbler-switch 243 is accordingly provided and is operative, when thrown one way, to bridge a pair of contacts 244 for cutting in the space-key solenoid and to bridge another pair of contacts 245, when thrown the other way, to cut in the zero-printing solenoid, the switch being arranged so that when one of these solenoids is cut in, the other one is out out. As seen in the diagram at Figure 11, the zero-conductor I81 is connected to one of each of the pairs of contacts 244 and 245. The other one of the pair of contacts 244 is connected to the space-solenoid by a lead 246, and the other one of the pair of contacts 245 is connected to the zero-solenoid by a lead 241. The Figure 11 diagram also represents the set of circuit-completing contactarms I93, and also represents a worksheet 240 on which the total is automatically printed. The denomination-selecting trains and the denomination selector or tappet 64 on the typewriter-carriage are also represented in Figure 11, said trains being represented by their jacks 65 operative as hereinbefore described to actuate the circuit-completing contact arms I93 in the transposed denominational order represented in the diagram. The printing solenoids from zero to nine and the space-solenoid have a common connection 249 (see Figure 11) to a contact 250 of a circuit-disabling-tumbler switch 25I whose function will be described presently.

Another contact 252 of said switch 25I is connected to one side 253 of the current-supply line represented by the plug 254. The switch 25! is normally in such position that its contacts 250 and 252 are bridged. It will be seen now that when the typewriting-machine carriage 31 is tabulated to the highest denomination, the jack at the extreme right of Figure 11 will be actuated, causing the circuit-completing contact arm I93 for that denomination to be closed upon the arcuate contact surface I92 presented by the brush I31, the latter engaging the zero-conductor I81, since the dial at that denomination stands at zero. The two-way switch 243 will not be in the Figure 11 position, since Figure 11 shows a later stage of the total-printing operation which will presently become clear. Instead said two-way switch 243 will be in position to bridgethe contacts 244, and consequently, instead of the zero-solenoid being operative, the space-key solenoid will be operative at the highest denomination. I'hus, when the carriage arrives at said highest denomination, the spacekey solenoid will be energized through the following circuit: Through one side 255 of the supply-line,.the common fulcrum-rod I94 for the contact arms I93, the highestdenomination contact arm I93, brush-extension surfaces I92, the brush I31, the zero-conductor I81, the bridged contacts 244, the lead 246, the space-solenoid, the lead 249, and thence through the closed switch 25I to the other side 253 of thesupply-line. The space-solenoid being thus energized at the highest denomination, its plunger will be actuated, and will, by means of the link 234 and arm 231, actuate the space-key rock-shaft 41, to rock the escapement dogs 31, 33 in rearward direction. Said escapement ,dogs having been thus rocked, the space-key solenoid is then deenergized to permit the return of the dogs and the space-key train for stepping the carriage 31 one letter-space. For so de-energizing the spacesolenoid, the circuit-disabling switch 25I is operated to break the connection between the contacts 250 and 252.

Means whereby the switch 25I is opened by the space-key solenoid include a projection 251 on the space-solenoid link 234, so that said link by its forward movement from the Figure 2 position may operate a universal bar 256, mounted on a rock-shaft 259, said rock-shaft having an arm 260 connected by a link 261 to an operating lever 262 of the switch 25I. Said universal rockshaft 259 may be journaled in the bracket-plates 226, 221.

The disablin'g switch 25I may be any suitable type of snap switch. The one illustrated includes a bridging bar- 264, Figure 5, movable along an insulated saddle 265 between positions for opening and bridging the contacts 256, 252. A pushrod 266 for said bar 264 has a pin-and-slot connection with the switch-lever 262, to form with the latter a toggle breakable to either side of dead center. A spring 251 surrounds the pushrod and is compressed between the end of said switch-lever 282- and a shoulder at the base of said push-rod.

ly snap the bridging bar 264 away from the con- I tacts 250, 252, and project it into the opposite corner of the saddle 265. By similar operation of the parts, the switch is closed again by swinging its lever 262 the opposite way. The movement of theswitch-operating link 26I need only be enough to move the switch-lever 262 until the spring 261 becomes effective to snap the bar 264 one way or the other, said spring thereupon operating to complete the movement of said switch-lever 262. Said link 26I therefore has a pin-and-slot connection 268 to the switch-lever, arranged to start said lever in either direction and permit the latter to complete its movement without further movement of the link.

The described switch 25I and its operating train from the universal bar 258 are arranged to break the space-solenoid circuit after the latter has been maintained long enough to have caused the carriage-escapement dogs 3| and 32 to have rocked rearwardly, to the Figure 8 position. The usual space-keyerestoring spring 216, Figure 2, thereupon restores the space-key train, causing the dogs 34, 33 to move forward again. By the described operation of said dogs by the spacesolenoid, the carriage 31 takes the usual step to the next denomination or space.

For causing the disabling switch 261 to be.

closed again, so, that it may function for the next denomination or space, the switch-operating rock-shaft 259 has an am 212 carrying a flyweight 213, which is lifted when said shaft is rocked by the space-solenoid to open the switch 25I. The resulting described de-energization of the solenoid permits said weight to drop again, thereby swinging the rock-shaft 259 the opposite way to reclose said switch 25I in correlation to the arrival of the carriage at said next denomination or space. Said weight 213 has a speed-regulating function which will be described later.

According to the diagram at Figure 11, said next space at which the carriage arrives corresponds to a punctuation-space and requires operation of the space-solenoid again by way of a punctuation-space circuit, which may be called into use by means of the previously-described keylocking mechanism operated at each punctuationspace. To this end, there extends from one of the coupled levers I I I, Figure 4, operable by any punctuation-space jack 63, a link 2115 connected to a circuit-completing contact arm 216 mounted on the same fulcrum-rod I94 with the other contact arms I93. Said space-contact arm 216 is thus, by operation of any space-jack 63, swung rearwardly against a fixed contact bar 211 extending downwardly from the contact block WI. The circuit for operating the space-solenoid for a punctuation-space is as follows: Supply-line side 255 to fulcrum-rod I94. punctuation-contact arm 216, contact bar 211, thence by lead 218 to the space solenoid, from which the circuit continues through the common solenoid-lead 2&9 and the closed switch 251 to the other side 253 of the supply-line. The arm 216 is urged away from the contact her 211 by means of a spring 219, Figure 4.

Thus, at the operation oi the space-solenoid by means of the first punctuation-space jack encountered by the carriage, the latter is stepped to the next denomination, which, in the Figure 11 diagram, is that for the second dial-wheel $2 from the left. Since the dial here stands at zero and the contacts 2 5 of the two-way switch 253 are still bridged, the space-solenoid will; again be operated to step the carriage to the third wheel denomination. Here the dial-wheel also displays zero, and therefore the space-solenoid is again operated, bringing the carriage now to the fourth dial-wheel denomination.

At the fourth denomination, the dial-wheel displays six, the first significant figure of the total. The contact brush I31 for said fourth dial-wheel therefore is in position against the contact-block conductor I81 for the solenoid operating the sixnumeral-key, the circuit being completed by the contact arm I93 at said fourth denomination resting against the contact surface I92 of the brush. The printing solenoid for six is therefore energized by the following circuit: Supplyline side 255, fulcrumqod I94, contact arm I93, at the fourth denomination, conductor I81 for the six-solenoid, thence by the connection 232 extending to said solenoid, from which the circuit is completed by way of the common solenoidlead 249, closed switch 25L and the other side 253 of the supply-line. I

All zeros after the first significant figure are to be printed, and, therefore, at the printing of said first significant figure, the space-solenoid is disconnected from the zero-conductor I81, and the zero-solenoid, instead, is connected to said conductor. At the printing of-the first significant figure, the two-way switch 243 is therefore thrown to the Figure 11 position, in which a circuit to the space-solenoid by way of the contacts 293 is broken and a circuit is established to the zero solenoid by way of the contacts 235.

The first operation of any significant figuresolenoid from one to nine is effective to so throw said switch 253. An operating lever 28!! of sa d switch 243 is connected to a universal bar 28L mounted on a rock-shaft 282, journaled, in the bracket-plates 226, 221. An arm 283 of said rockshaft 282 is connected by a link 285 to said operating lever 280. The switch 263 operates similarly to the described operation of the switch 25I in respect to the snapping of its bridging bar to either one of its'two positions.

The link 2311 for each printing solenoid, from one to nine, has a projection 2B5 engaging the universal bar 28I for operating the latter to throw the switch 243. Each projection 286 may be combined in one plate 281, with a projection 288 for operating the disabling switch universal bar 258. The plates 281 are adjustably secured to their links as indicated in Figure 5, by screws 289.

At each operation of a printing solenoid from zero to nine, the disabling switch 25I is opened and reclosed by means of the universal bar 258 and fly-weight 213 as described for operation of the space-solenoid. The link 239 from the zerosolenoid needs only asingle projection 299, which is for operating the disabling switch universal bar 258, there being no need for the zero-solenoid operating the two-way switch 243, since the zerosolenoid is, not for a significant figure. The projections 251 and 290 forthe space and zero solenoid-links may also be formed on plates 29I adjustably secured byscrew's 292.

The two-way switch remains in the Figure 11 position wh le all the remaining figures of the total are completed, the printing of all figures,

including zeros, after the first significant figlne, and the interposition of punctuation-spaces wherever necessary, being effected one by one by means of the appropriate solenoids in a mann r which will now be clear from the preceding description of operations.

The Figure 11 diagram represents the sevensolenoid as being energized at the denomination I which corresponds to the fifth dial-wheel from the left, said fifth wheel displaying seven. It will be understood that, in the course of automatic total-printing, the contact arms I93 are operated seriatim, as the carriage 31 moves through the total-printing zone, there being interposed in said seriatim operation an operation of the contact'arm 216 to energize the spacesolenoid at each punctuation-space.

The fiy-weight 213 oscillates up and down un-- der the recurring impulses of the universal bar 258 during the course of total-printing. Its natural vibration period or beat therefore determines the speed of consecutive solenoid-operations. For varying said period of vibration, and hence regulating the intervals between successive solenoidstrokes, the fiy-weight 213 is mounted so that it may be set at d fferent distances from the rockshaft 25 on wh ch it is mounted, the mass of said fiy-weight 213 being preferably a suitably fixed factor. The arm 12 may accordingly be provided with a slot 294 through which pass screws 295 by which the fiy-weight is secured to said arm. The slot 294 permits adjustment of the flyweight 213 along the arm 212. For limiting the movements of the fiy-weight 213, there may project from the bracket-plate 226 stop-pins 296 cooperating with the fly-weight rock-shaft arm 260.

The fiy-weight 213 functions to store switchoperating energy at the start of the solenoidstroke so that the solenoid is relieved in great part of the burden of opening the de-energizin'g switch 25I just at the moment when said solenoid s about to be de-energized. There is thus available such unimpededmomentum of the solenoid-operated type-train as is needed for smoothly completing the printing stroke and Permitting normal rebound of the type-bar from the platen. The necessity for using burdensome restoring springs is avoided because the return beat of the fly-weight co-operates to restore the parts after each power-stroke.

The fiy-weight conduces to smooth succession of the automatic type-train and space-bar operations and the speed of succession may be regulated by shifting said fiy-weight 213 along the arm 212. a

The upper dotted circle 291, Figure 8, represents the limit of upward movement in the natural beat of the fiy-we'ght 213. It will be noted that the pin-and-slot connection 268 to the switchlever 262 is arranged to permit the fiyweight to freely reach the limit of its upward beat. The small dotted circle 301 adjacent the universal bar 258 represents the position of the latter when the solenoid is de-energized, and hence said small circle indicates that the completion of the printing stroke is made under the momentum of the parts of the solenoid-driven train.

The contact block I 5| may be secured by screws 298 between upstanding plates 299 having forwardly-reaching arms 390 secured by screws 30I to a cross-member 302 of the machine-framework. The current-conducting fulcrum-rod I 9| for the carrlage operated contact arms I93, 216 is supported by said plates 29am insulating bushings 303. Said plates 299 also support a cross-bar 304 having upper slots 305 in which the rear or rack ends of the brush-arm links I41 are slidably seatarms 10 of the denomination-selecting trains for the pin-bars 6|.

' At the escape of the typing-machine carriage 31 after the last figure of the total has been automatically printed, the counter-stop 53 on said carriage actuates the usual lever 3| 6, Figure 2, effective through the usual connections, not shown herein but described in said Minton patent, to initiate a power-driven machine cycle. During said cycle the cross-bar 12 of the general operator advances, and in such advance the pins set during the total-printing operations are encountered, and the pin-bars are thereby driven to clear the dial-wheels 62, it being remembered that previously the machine was conditioned for subtraction by the operation of the total-key I33.

Before the general-operator cross-bar 12 encounters any of the set digit-pins 60, it moves idly.

There is thus afiorded time for first effecting withdrawal of the feelers I34 so that they may not interfere with rotation of the dial-wheels 62. The general-operator cross-shaft 83 has a pair of cams 3H for actuating a pair of levers 3I8, between which is supported a restoring plate 3! 9, said levers 318 being pivoted at 320upon brackets 32I extending from the register-side plates I68. The restoring plate 319 has downwardly-extending fingers 322 for engaging pins 324 upon the feelerlinks M1, The restoring cams 3I1 are arranged to swing the plate 3 I 9 to the Figure 10 position before thedial-wheels are started upon their rotation. The feeler-links I41 are thereby drawn rearwardly, the feelers I34 and brushes I31 are retracted, and the latch-bar I53 is dropped into holding position.

The restoring cams 3" have, as seen in the drawings, a dwell to insure-that the'feelers I 34 Yes cannot drop toward the dial-wheels again while the latter are being rotated. The movement of the general-operator cross-shaft 83 is oscillatory,

and thus by said dwell the restoring plate 3I9'is held in its Figure 10 position until its levers 3I8 drop oh the restoring cam 3I1 at the end of the cycle. When the restoring-plate levers 3! drop oil their cams 3I1 at the end of the cycle, the feeler-links I41 settle against the latch-bar I53 under the pull of their springs I50 which may be attached to an anchor-plate 326 secured to the cross-member 302 of the framework, Figure 5.

At the start of a machine cycle, the shaft I20 is rocked as already described for dropping and thereby disabling the denomination-selecting tappet Ed. The rocking of said shaft I20 may be employed to reset the two-way switch 243 to bridge the contacts 2%, thereby reconnecting the spacesolenoid to, and disconnecting the zero-solenoid from, the zero-conductor I81. Thus, when a new total is to be printed, the space-solenoid will be operative to automatically step the carriage along to the denomination where the first significant figure appears in the dial-wheels. Said shaft 123 has fastened thereto a downwardly-extending arm 32'5 which may be connected by a link 328 to the arm 283 which, it will be remembered, was moved by the universal bar 28 i at the printing of the first significant figure, to the Figure 8 position for throwing said switch 243 to cut in the zerosolenoid. The swing of said arm 321 at the start of the cycle to the dotted-line position 325 of Figure 8 causes the switch 243 to bethrown back to the position, Figures 2 and 5, wherein the spacesolenoid is cut in.

As seen in Figure 2, each conductor I81 is fitted into a slot of the contact block I5I so that the conductors have the illustrated arcuate and radial arrangement in which their lower edges may be engaged by any one of the contact brushes I 31. Said brushes I31, having the spring-like form as indicated, move with resilient pressure over the contact block I5I and its conductors I81. Said pressure may serve to brake the feeler -trains as they move against the stops I35.

The operation of the machine will be readily understood from the foregoing description, and may be summarized as follows:

The depression of the total-key I33 raises the latch-bar I53 and releases the solenoid-selecting trains so that the feelers I34 move against those stops I35 which happen to be opposite each individual feeler. The series of stops I35 for each dial-wheel form in effect a digit-evaluating curve or spiral, and each co-operating feeler will therefore, as determined by said curve, move a distance corresponding to theposition of its dialwheel. The differential register-reading movements of the feelers I34 are translated into corresponding movements of the solenoid-selecting contact brushes I31 so that each brush engages the contact-block conductor I81 corresponding to the solenoid which represents the figure represented by the dial-wheel. Thus, as indicated in the diagram at" Figure 11,'the set of contact brushes I3! contact those conductors I8! which correspond to the dial-wheel positions shown in said Figure 11.

Operation of the total-key I33 also conditions,

the machine for subtraction. Following operation of the total-key I33 and the resulting shift matically cycled by means of the counter-stop 53 which reaches the cycle-initiating lever 3I6 as the carriage takes the usual letter-feeding step after the printing of said last figure. During the cycle the dial-wheels are rotated to zeropositions. 7

It will be noted that the solenoids I85, the switches 243, 25I and the r operating trains,

' the contact block I5! and associate contact parts,

and the carriage-operated contact arms I93, 213

chine. By such arrangement these parts are readily accessible, and grouped together as indicated they may be treated as a detachable unitary assembly.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a typing machine having a set of types P and a letter-feeding carriage, the combination or a set of power-driven actuators for operating said types consecutively in predetermined order in correlation to-the carriage-steps, and means, cooperating with said carriage and including an are all grouped together at the rear of the maoscillatory weight, for controlling the intervals between the consecutive type-operations. said means and weight being arranged so that said intervals depend on and therefore coincide with the natural period oi oscillation of said weight.

2. In a typing machine having a set oi types and a letter-feeding carriage, the combination intervals depend on and therefore coincide with.

the natural period of oscillation of said weight,

.said weight being arranged so that its period of oscillation may be varied to thereby regulate the speed with which the type-operations succeed one 20 another.

3. In a typing machine having a set of types,

a platen and a letter-feeding carriage, the combination of a set of type-operating electromagnets operable consecutively in selected order, a canine-operated contact device whereby, at each carriage-step, an energizing circuit to a. selected magnet. is closed, a switch, a switch-operating member operable by any magnet for breaking said circuit when the type-bar has been driven to the platen, and an oscillatory weight operatively coupled to said switch-member, said weight cooperating by the momentum of its swing in one direction to operate said switch-member for breaking said circuit, and operative in the return swingv toreclose' the switch in correlation to the carriage-step which ensues upon said drivin'gof the type to the platen. the natural period or. oscillation of said weight determining the speed with which the consecutive type-operations succeed one another.

ALFRED G. F. K'UROWSKI. 

